Ilimin asali na kayan ƙarfe (1)

Iron alade da karfe ana kiransa gaba ɗaya a matsayin ƙarfe na ƙarfe.Iron shine babban bangarensa kuma yana ƙunshe da takamaiman adadin carbon da sauran abubuwan ganowa.Alloys tare da abun ciki na carbon kasa da 2.11% (mass) ana kiran su karfe, kuma gami da abun ciki na carbon wanda ya fi ko daidai da 2.11% (mass) ana kiransa ƙarfen alade.

Ana iya raba baƙin ƙarfen alade zuwa ƙarfe na alade don yin ƙarfe (wanda kuma aka sani da farin ƙarfe) da ƙarfe na alade don yin simintin gyare-gyare.

Ana kiran baƙin ƙarfe simintin ƙarfe.Dangane da halayen fasalin zane-zane, za a iya raba baƙin ƙarfe a cikin wadannan rukunan: launin toka ne na baƙin ƙarfe, Codenemed HT;ductile jefa baƙin ƙarfe, codename QT;baƙin ƙarfe mai jure lalata;sauran simintin gyare-gyare, irin su simintin simintin gyare-gyaren zafi da baƙin ƙarfe mai yuwuwa, simintin simintin gyaran kafa shine lambar mai suna KT, wanda kuma aka sani da baƙin ƙarfe mara nauyi.

Bututun matsa lamba na simintin ƙarfe da kayan aiki ba sa samar da yawa a cikin Amurka da wasu ƙasashe, amma ana iya samar da su da yawa a wasu ƙasashe.Bututun matsa lamba na baƙin ƙarfe sun maye gurbin bututun matsa lamba na simintin ƙarfe.Madaidaitan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun haɗa da: ASME B16.3, ASME B16.4, ASME B16.12, ASME B16.42, ASMEB16.42, ASTM A74, ASTM A126, AWWA C110, AWWA C111, AWWA C150, AWWA C153, da sauransu.

Karfe shine ainihin gami.Babban sashi shine ƙarfe da ƙaramin adadin carbon.Hakanan ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu alama kamar silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten da vanadium.Ana nuna rarrabuwa na karfe a cikin adadi